Detection Deception

the beguiling of merlin, edward burne-jones, 1874

deception detection between relational partners extremely difficult, unless partner tells blatant or obvious lie or contradicts other partner knows true. while difficult deceive partner on long period of time, deception occurs in day-to-day conversations between relational partners. detecting deception difficult because there no known reliable indicators of deception. deception, however, places significant cognitive load on deceiver. or must recall previous statements or story remains consistent , believable. result, deceivers leak important information both verbally , nonverbally.

deception , detection complex, fluid, , cognitive process based on context of message exchange. interpersonal deception theory posits interpersonal deception dynamic, iterative process of mutual influence between sender, manipulates information depart truth, , receiver, attempts establish validity of message. deceiver s actions interrelated message receiver s actions. during exchange deceiver reveal verbal , nonverbal information deceit. research has found there cues may correlated deceptive communication, scholars disagree effectiveness of many of these cues serve reliable indicators. noted deception scholar aldert vrij states there no nonverbal behavior uniquely associated deception. stated, specific behavioral indicator of deception not exist. there are, however, nonverbal behaviors have been found correlated deception. vrij found examining cluster of these cues more reliable indicator of deception examining single cue.

mark frank proposes deception detected @ cognitive level. lying requires deliberate conscious behavior, listening speech , watching body language important factors in detecting lies. if response question has lot disturbances, less talking time, repeated words, , poor logical structure, person may lying. vocal cues such frequency height , variation may provide meaningful clues deceit.

fear causes heightened arousal in liars, manifests in more frequent blinking, pupil dilation, speech disturbances, , higher pitched voice. liars experience guilt have been shown make attempts @ putting distance between , deceptive communication, producing “nonimmediacy cues” these can verbal or physical, including speaking in more indirect ways , showing inability maintain eye contact conversation partners. cue detecting deceptive speech tone of speech itself. streeter, krauss, geller, olson, , apple (1977) have assessed fear , anger, 2 emotions associated deception, cause greater arousal grief or indifference, , note amount of stress 1 feels directly related frequency of voice.