First Premiership (1937-1941) A. K. Fazlul Huq

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the working committee of lahore resolution in 1940. prime minister huq standing beside m. a. jinnah (third left on bottom row)


the dyarchy replaced provincial autonomy in 1935, first general elections held in 1937. huq transformed bengal tenants association krishak praja party. during election campaign period, huq emerged major populist figure of bengal. party won 35 seats in bengal legislative assembly during indian provincial elections, 1937. third largest party after bengal congress , bengal provincial muslim league. congress refused form government due pan-indian policy of boycotting legislatures. huq formed coalition bengal provincial muslim league , independent legislators. elected leader of house , 1st prime minister of bengal.


huq’s cabinet include nalini ranjan sarkar (finance), bijoy prasad singha roy (revenue), maharaja srish chandra nandy (communications , public works), prasanna deb raikut (forest , excise), mukunda behari mallick (cooperative credit , rural indebtedness), sir khwaja nazimuddin (home), nawab khwaja habibullah (agriculture , industry), huseyn shaheed suhrawardy (commerce , labour), nawab musharraf hussain (judicial , legislative), , syed nausher ali (public health , local self government).


in 1940, huq selected muhammad ali jinnah formally present lahore resolution, envisaged ‘independent states’ in eastern , northwestern parts of india.



lord brabourne governor of bengal during huq s first premiership


one of notable measures taken huq included using both administrative , legal measures relieve debts of peasants , farmers. protected poor agriculturists clutches of usurious creditors enforcing bengal agricultural debtors act (1938). established debt settlement boards in parts of bengal. money lenders act (1938) , bengal tenancy (amendment) act (1938) improved lot of peasants. land revenue commission appointed government of bengal on 5 november 1938 sir francis floud chairman, submitted final report on 21 march 1940. valuable document related land system of country. tenancy act of 1885 amended act of 1938 , thereby provisions relating enhancement of rent suspended period of 10 years. abolished kinds of abwab , selamis (imposts) imposed traditionally zamindars on raiyats. raiyats got right transfer land without paying transfer-fee zamindars. law reduced interest rate arrears of rent 12.50% 6.25%. raiyats got right possession of nadi sekasti (land lost through river erosion , appeared again) land payment of 4 years of rent within twenty years of erosion. several acts enforced during huq s premiership helped peasants lighten of burdens though huq not execute programme of dal-bhat placed before people during election campaigns. huq promoted affirmative action bengali muslims.


huq held education portfolio in cabinet. introduced primary education bill in bengal legislative assembly, passed law , made primary education free , compulsory. there storm of protests opposition members , press when fazlul huq introduced secondary education bill in assembly incorporated principles of communal division in field of education @ secondary stage. huq associated foundation of many educational institutions in bengal, including calcutta s islamia college , lady brabourne college, wajid memorial girls high school , chakhar college.


due intense factional infighting within krishak praja party, huq ended being lone party member on cabinet. after 1939, british empire grappled world war ii. in 1941, huq , sir sikandar hayat khan, prime minister of punjab, joined viceroy’s defence council. move angered muhammad ali jinnah, felt council included other members opposed partition of india. result, muslim league withdrew support huq’s government in bengal.


on 2 december 1941, huq resigned , governor’s rule imposed.








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