History Arras-sur-Rhône

1 history

1.1 watermill
1.2 railway
1.3 fruit market
1.4 other historical projects

history

the first known lord of arras sylvion d arras: according report dating 1278 lord owned fief of tour brune. village has seen many changes on time construction of dam , railway resulted in numerous expropriations of land , loss of local jobs.

today vineyard area of arras 35 hectares against 100 hectares in 1956. in 1969 saint-joseph aoc established following renovation plan vineyards dating 1960. appellation zone limited heights of area in 1986. main culture of territory before french revolution of mulberries.

a roman road passed through village @ place called impasse de l’ancienne voie (ancient way cul-de-sac) there milliaria indicating distances in roman miles (1 mile equivalent 1.475 kilometres). 2 still in place , on 1 of them inscription millia passum xxxi = 31 roman miles, or 48 kilometres distance between arras , vienne moved , sealed entrance courtyard of castle museum of tournon-sur-rhone in 1939 , can no longer moved. main road has passed through village located on important route between lyon , languedoc: first roman road royal road followed imperial road.

the watermill

the watermill used grind grain. installed in 1877 , operational until 1943. until flour trade successful, bread staple food of population. stone dam built on ozon retain water (at place called la levée) on canal 200 metres wide iron wheel measuring 6m in diameter fall of water drive geared system. valve system used regulate flow rate. in 1935 wheel replaced cylindrical machines , diesel engine installed ensure production in times of low water. after world war ii, growing of wheat decreased , new modern mills built.

the railway

the paris-lyon-marseille line built between 1848 , 1853. in 1879 2 train stations built: vion , sarras. not until 1897 arras station opened line between sécheras , ozon. today there café de la halt on location of old station. there inscription: ici on loge à pied ou à cheval (here 1 goes on foot or horse) location of former postal relay. during height of station, 5-7 tons of fruit transported rail paris. in 1974 station destroyed following construction of dam. in 1978 route electrified in order clear left bank. bridge on river built in 1876.

the fruit market

the fruit market located on square (route du barrage), last market took place in 1968 .

other historical projects

the dam

a project of mid 1960s: on 26 june 1960 first public meeting held. dam built in 3 years 1969 1971. 65 67 hectares of land expropriated , jamet island disappeared - expanse of 12.58 hectares. structure built on layer of clay (called blue earth ) in order cope frequent flooding of rhône , support water speeds 7500 m3/s. largest known flood occurred in 1856 when there speeds of 6,100 m3/s. largest observed flood in 1957 flows around 5,300 m3/s. dam 152 metres long , has 6 spillways 22 metres long , 12.8 metres high. 4 sluice gates shutters allow water flow of 1,800 m3 per second. lake retain water dam extends 20 km , can store 3.24 million m3. produces average of 700 million kwh annually.

the hydroelectric power station of gervans

it has 4 generating units of 30,000 kva each. uses water after spillway of dam passes through canal.

the lock

the by-pass canal 3.5 kilometres long , lock 12 metres wide , 195 metres long. drop height varies between 9.8 , 11.55 metres following low water of rhone. total tonnage past lock 1,791,788 tonnes. distribution of vessels using lock is:

merchant ships = 3,372;
pleasure craft = 1,707;
passenger vessels = 341;
service vessels = 126;

a total of 5,546 ships in year 1998. ensure protection against floods turbines can rotate @ high speed without generating electricity. project management structure allows work @ low water: reservoir level can lowered voluntarily make turbines spin faster , produce more energy @ given time, during peak periods.