The ADP in the civil war 1982-1990 Arab Democratic Party (Lebanon)

-


widely regarded syrian-backed proxy force, adp , red knights battled several tripoli-based factions hostile damascus presence in lebanon, in particular sunni islamic unification movement (arabic: التوحيد‎, translit. al-tawhid) since 1981-82, suppressed of syrian army, pro-syrian syrian social nationalist party , ba ath party factions , lebanese communist party (lcp) in 1985-86.


the adp/ark joined lnrf (jammoul) guerrilla alliance in september 1982 fight israeli occupation of southern lebanon , later successor, wider syrian-sponsored lebanese national salvation front (lnsf) in july 1983 against american-backed government of president amin gemayel. in 1988-1990 accepted taif agreement , supported parliament-based provisional government of selim al-hoss against general michel aoun s military interim government.


military structure , organization

the adp raised in july 1981 syrian support own militia, arab red knights – ark (arabic: الفرسان الحمر العربي‎, translit. al-fursan al-hammur al-arabi) or red knights short. trained rifa @ s defense companies, known pink panthers due green- , raspberry-colored lizard camouflage uniforms. commanded ali eid ark aligned 500 militiamen, subsequently grew 1,000 well-armed male , female fighters, organized infantry, signals, medical , military police branches , plus motorized corps made of gun-trucks or technicals . latter consisted of uaz-469 light utility vehicles, santana 88 ligero militar jeeps, land-rover series ii-iii , toyota land cruiser (j40) light pickups equipped heavy machine-guns, recoilless rifles , anti-aircraft autocannons. adp/ark operated manly in northern lebanon, main stronghold in adjacent alawite-populated jabal muhsin, sub-urban strategic high ground area overlooking whole city of tripoli though claimed control of alawite villages of akkar district right lebanese-syrian border.








Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Independence United Arab Emirates

-
historic photo depicting first hoisting of united arab emirates flag rulers of emirates @ union house, dubai on 2nd of december 1971. zayed bin sultan al nahyan first president of united arab emirates , recognized father of nation. by 1966, had become clear british government no longer afford administer , protect united arab emirates. british mps debated preparedness of royal navy defend sheikhdoms. secretary of state defence denis healey reported british armed forces overstretched , in respects dangerously under-equipped defend sheikhdoms. on 24 january 1968, british prime minister harold wilson announced government s decision, reaffirmed in march 1971 prime minister edward heath end treaty relationships 7 trucial sheikhdoms, had been, bahrain , qatar, under british protection. days after announcement, ruler of abu dhabi, sheikh zayed bin sultan al nahyan, fearing vulnerability, tried persuade british honour protection treaties offering pay full costs of keeping british armed forces i
Read more

History Alexandra College

-
alexandra college (on right) circa 1890 the school founded in 1866 , takes name princess alexandra of denmark, school s patron. school colours, red , white, adopted danish flag in honour. alexandra college founded anne jellicoe, quaker educationist, in name of furthering women s education. under anne jellicoe, school grew small establishment focused on providing governess-style education irish protestant ladies pioneering force women s rights , education, providing education women equivalent available in boys schools, grounding in mathematics, history, classics , philosophy. alexandra settled role, anne jellicoe convinced major obstacle liberal education of women exclusion university campus. passionately believed until women admitted trinity college dublin (founded in 1592), voice of women not commonly heard in politics, literature or in academic debate. the royal university of ireland act 1879 allowed females take university degrees on same basis males. students prepared examination
Read more

Management School of Computer Science, University of Manchester

-
^ anon (2010). dai edwards: helping turing use manchester mark 1 . www.bl.uk. british library.  ^ anon (2014). voices of science: david dai edwards. born david beverley george edwards, 1928 . www.bl.uk. british library. archived original on 2014-01-16.  ^ kilburn, t. (1951). new universal digital computing machine @ university of manchester . nature. 168 (4264): 95. doi:10.1038/168095a0.  ^ lavington, simon (2001). obituary: tom kilburn (1921–2001) . nature. 409 (6823): 996. doi:10.1038/35059201. pmid 11241994. 
Read more