History Bartow County, Georgia

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bartow county created cherokee lands of cherokee county territory on december 3, 1832, , named cass county, after general lewis cass (1782–1866) secretary of war under president andrew jackson, minister france , secretary of state under president james buchanan, instrumental in removal of native americans area. however, county renamed on december 6, 1861 in honor of francis s. bartow because of cass s support of union, though bartow never visited in county, living 200 miles away near savannah of life. cass had supported doctrine of popular sovereignty, right of each state determine own laws independently of federal government, ironcially platform of conservative southerners removed name. first county seat @ cassville, after burning of county courthouse , sherman occupation, seat moved cartersville, remains.


the county profoundly affected civil war, setting economically many decades. may 18 , 19, 1864, general george henry thomas led army of cumberland after general william j. hardee s corps of army of tennessee, , general james b. mcpherson led federal army of tennessee flanking hardee s army west. huge army disruptive , sought food. elements out of control , sacked homes depleting meager supplies.


property destruction , deaths of one-third of county s soldiers during war caused financial , social calamity many.


slaves gained freedom, , on decade exercised political franchise through republican party. in 1870, 1 black family in 12 owned real estate. more of blacks lived in white-headed households, working domestic servants , laborers. great majority of freedpeople day laborers or farm laborers, while sizable minority occupied skilled positions such blacksmiths, wheelwrights, , iron workers.


by late 1870s, hardship experienced everyone. blacks had been relegated second-class citizenship jim crow laws.








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