Hominin evolution and migration Middle Stone Age

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homo erectus skull, museum of natural history, ann arbor



there have been 2 migration events out of africa, first expansion of h. erectus eurasia approximately 1.9 1.7 million years ago, , second, h. sapiens began during msa 80 – 50 ka msa out of africa asia, australia , europe. perhaps in small numbers initially, 30 ka had replaced neanderthals , h. erectus. each of these migrations represent increased flexibility of genus homo survive in varied climates. based on measurement of large number of human skulls recent study supports central/southern african origin homo sapiens region shows highest intra-population diversity in phenotypic measurements. genetic data supports conclusion. however, there genetic evidence suggest dispersal out of africa began in eastern africa. sites such omo kibish formation, herto member of bouri formation, , mumba cave contain fossil evidence support conclusion well.








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