Callings and practices Tohunga

-


matapo, blind tohunga in te tohunga wilhelm dittmer, 1907


there many classes of tohunga (best 1924:166) including:



tohunga ahurewa: highest class of priest
tohunga matakite: foretellers of future
tohunga whakairo: expert carvers
tohunga tātai arorangi: experts @ reading stars
tohunga kōkōrangi: expert in study of celestial bodies (astronomer)
tohunga tārai waka: expert canoe builders
tohunga wetereo: expert in language (linguist)
tohunga tā moko: expert in tā moko (tattooist)
tohunga mahi toi: expert artist
tohunga tikanga tangata: expert in study of humans (anthropologist)
tohunga o tumatauenga: expert in weapons or war party chaplain
tohunga kiato: lowest class of priest

each tohunga gifted spiritual leader , possessed natural ability of communicating between spiritual , temporal realms through karakia (prayers), pātere (chants) or performing waiata (songs) had been passed down them tohunga before them. however, rites in specific fields in practiced, outlined above.







Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

History Alexandra College

-
alexandra college (on right) circa 1890 the school founded in 1866 , takes name princess alexandra of denmark, school s patron. school colours, red , white, adopted danish flag in honour. alexandra college founded anne jellicoe, quaker educationist, in name of furthering women s education. under anne jellicoe, school grew small establishment focused on providing governess-style education irish protestant ladies pioneering force women s rights , education, providing education women equivalent available in boys schools, grounding in mathematics, history, classics , philosophy. alexandra settled role, anne jellicoe convinced major obstacle liberal education of women exclusion university campus. passionately believed until women admitted trinity college dublin (founded in 1592), voice of women not commonly heard in politics, literature or in academic debate. the royal university of ireland act 1879 allowed females take university degrees on same basis males. students prepared examination
Read more

Independence United Arab Emirates

-
historic photo depicting first hoisting of united arab emirates flag rulers of emirates @ union house, dubai on 2nd of december 1971. zayed bin sultan al nahyan first president of united arab emirates , recognized father of nation. by 1966, had become clear british government no longer afford administer , protect united arab emirates. british mps debated preparedness of royal navy defend sheikhdoms. secretary of state defence denis healey reported british armed forces overstretched , in respects dangerously under-equipped defend sheikhdoms. on 24 january 1968, british prime minister harold wilson announced government s decision, reaffirmed in march 1971 prime minister edward heath end treaty relationships 7 trucial sheikhdoms, had been, bahrain , qatar, under british protection. days after announcement, ruler of abu dhabi, sheikh zayed bin sultan al nahyan, fearing vulnerability, tried persuade british honour protection treaties offering pay full costs of keeping british armed forces i
Read more