History Indigenous peoples of Siberia

koryak men @ ceremony of starting new fire

in kamchatka itelmens uprisings against russian rule in 1706, 1731, , 1741, crushed. during first uprising itelmen armed stone weapons, in later uprisings used gunpowder weapons. russian cossacks faced tougher resistance koryaks, revolted bows , guns 1745 1756, , forced give in attempts wipe out chukchi in 1729, 1730-1, , 1744-7. after russian defeat in 1729 @ chukchi hands, russian commander major pavlutskiy responsible russian war against chukchi , mass slaughters , enslavement of chukchi women , children in 1730-31, cruelty made chukchis fight more fiercely. genocide of chukchis , koryaks ordered empress elizabeth in 1742 totally expel them native lands , erase culture through war. command natives totally extirpated pavlutskiy leading again in war 1744-47 in led cossacks of almighty god , fortune of imperial highness , slaughter chukchi men , enslave women , children booty. phase of war came incunclusive end, when chukchi forced them give killing pavlutskiy , decapitating him.

the russians launching wars , slaughters against koryaks in 1744 , 1753-4. after russians tried force natives convert christianity, different native peoples koryaks, chukchis, itelmens, , yukagirs united drive russians out of land in 1740s, culminating in assault on nizhnekamchatsk fort in 1746. kamchatka today european in demographics , culture 2.5% of being native, around 10,000 previous number of 150,000, due mass slaughters cossacks after annexation in 1697 of itelmen , koryaks throughout first decades of russian rule. genocide russian cossacks devastated native peoples of kamchatka , exterminated of population. in addition committing genocide cossacks devastated wildlife slaughtering massive numbers of animals fur. 90% of kamchadals , half of vogules killed eighteenth nineteenth centuries , rapid genocide of indigenous population led entire ethnic groups being entirely wiped out, around 12 exterminated groups named nikolai iadrintsev of 1882. of slaughter brought on fur trade.

in 17th century, indigenous peoples of amur region attacked , colonized russians came known red-beards . russian cossacks named luocha (羅剎), rakshasa, after demons found in buddhist mythology amur natives, feared them ruthlessly colonize amur tribes, subjects of qing dynasty during sino–russian border conflicts.

the aleuts in aleutians in alaska subjected genocide , slavery russians first 20 years of russian rule, aleut women , children captured russians , aleut men slaughtered. catherine great issued various instructions prevail humanity in treatment indigenous peoples.

russia s defense minister sergey shoygu of tuvan descent

the regionalist oblastniki in 19th century among russians in siberia acknowledged natives subjected genocidal proportions russian colonization, , claimed rectify situation proposed regionalist polices. russians used slaughter, alcoholism , disease bring natives under control, small nomadic groups disappeared, , of evidence of obliteration has been destroyed russians, few artifacts documenting presence remaining in russian museums , collections.

in 1918-1921 there violent revolutionary upheaval in siberia. russian cossacks under captain grigori semionov established warlords crushing indigenous peoples resisted colonization. russian colonization of siberia , conquest of indigenous peoples has been compared european colonization in united states , natives, similar negative impacts on natives , appropriation of land. siberian experience different, settlement not resulted dramatic native depopulation. slavic russians outnumber of native peoples in siberia , cities except in republic of tuva , sakha republic, slavic russians making majority in buriat republic , altai republics, outnumbering buriat , altai natives. buriat make 29% of own republic, , altai one-third, , chukchi, evenk, khanti, mansi, , nenets outnumbered non-natives 90% of population. natives targeted czars , soviets policies change way of life , ethnic russians given native s reindeer herds , wild game confiscated czars , soviets. reindeer herds have been mismanaged point of extinction.