History Dismemberment

1 history

1.1 cut apart
1.2 torn apart

1.2.1 torn apart 4 horses
1.2.2 fate of queen brunhilda
1.2.3 torn apart 4 ships
1.2.4 torn apart 2 trees
1.2.5 torn apart stones
1.2.6 christian martyr withstands being torn apart


1.3 homicide cases

history
cut apart

sliced pieces elephant

particularly in south-eastern asia, execution trained elephants form of capital punishment practiced several centuries. techniques convicted person executed varied did, on occasion, include elephant dismembering victim means of sharp blades attached feet. muslim traveller ibn battuta, visiting delhi in 1330s, has left following eyewitness account of particular type of execution elephants:

upon day, when myself present, men brought out had been accused of having attempted life of vizier. ordered, accordingly, thrown elephants, had been taught cut victims pieces. hoofs cased sharp iron instruments, , extremities of these knives. on such occasions elephant-driver rode upon them: and, when man thrown them, wrap trunk him , toss him up, take him teeth , throw him between fore feet upon breast, , driver should bid them, , according orders of emperor. if order cut him pieces, elephant irons, , throw pieces among assembled multitude: if order leave him, left lying before emperor, until skin should taken off, , stuffed hay, , flesh given dogs

quartering procedure in holy roman empire


tiradentes quartered, pedro américo (1893)

in holy roman empire emperor charles v s 1532 constitutio criminalis carolina specifies how every dismemberment (quartering) should ideally occur:

concerning quartering: cut , hack apart entire body 4 pieces, , punished unto death, , such 4 parts hanged on stakes publicly on 4 common thorough-fares

thus, imperially approved way dismember convict within holy roman empire means of cutting, rather dismemberment through ripping individual apart. in paragraph 124 of same code, beheading prior quartering mentioned allowable when extenuating circumstances present, wheres aggravating circumstances may allow pinching/ripping criminal glowing pincers, prior quartering.

the fate of wilhelm von grumbach in 1567, maverick knight in holy roman empire fond of making own private wars , condemned treason, worthy of note. gout-ridden, carried execution site in chair , bound fast table. executioner ripped out heart, , stuck in von grumbach s face words: von grumbach! behold false heart! afterwards, executioner quartered von grumbach s body. principal associate given same treatment, , eyewitness avers after heart had been ripped out, chancellor brück screamed horribly quite time .

one example of highly aggravated execution illustrated fate of bastian karnhars on july 16, 1600. karnhars found guilty of 52 separate acts of murder, including rape , murder of 8 women, , murder of child, heart had allegedly eaten rituals of black magic. begin, karnhars had 3 strips of flesh torn back, before being pinched 18 times glowing pincers, having fingers clipped off 1 one, arms , legs broken on wheel, , finally, while still alive, quartered.

a fabled turkish execution method

in seventeenth century, number of travel reports speak of exotic turkish execution method, first, waist of man constricted ropes , cords, , swift bisection of trunk performed. william lithgow presents comparatively prosaic description of method:

if turke should happen kill turke (...) brought forth market place, , blocke being brought hither of foure foote high; malefactor stripd naked; , layd thereupon belly downeward, drawe in middle small running cords, strike body 2 1 blow: hinder parts cast eaten hungry dogges kept same purpose; , forequarters , head throw grievous fire, made there same end .-and punishment man-slaughter

george sandys, however, during same period, tells of method no longer in use, in rather more mythologized way:

...they twitch offender waist towell, enforcing him draw breath pricking him in body, until have drawn him within compasse of span; tying hard, cut him off in middle, , setting body on hot plate of copper, seareth veines, up-propping him during cruell pleasure: not retaineth sense, faculties of discourse, until taken downe; , departeth in instant

shekkeh in persia

in 1850s persia, particular dismemberment technique called shekkeh reported have been used. travelling official east india company robert binning describes follows:

criminal hung heels, head downwards, ladder or between 2 posts, , executioner hacks away sword, until body bisected lengthways, terminating @ head. 2 several halves suspended on camel, , paraded through streets, edification of beholders. when shekkeh inflicted in merciful manner, culprit s head struck off, previous bisecting trunk

korea

dismemberment form of capital punishment convicts of high treason in korean kingdom of joseon dynasty. punishment was, example, meted out hwang sa-yong in 1801.

china

the 5 pains chinese variation invented during qin dynasty. during tang dynasty (618-907 ce), truncation of body @ waist means of fodder knife death penalty reserved seen have done particularly treacherous or repugnant. practice of cutting in 2 did not originate in tang dynasty; in sources concerning han dynasty (206 bce-220 ce), no less 33 cases of execution cutting @ waist mentioned, occurs in earlier material.

current use

dismemberment no longer used modern governments form of execution or torture, though amputation still carried out in countries practice sharia law.

torn apart

dismemberment carried out in medieval , modern era , effected, example, tying person s limbs chains or other restraints, attaching restraints separate movable entities (e.g. vehicles) , moving them in opposite directions.

torn apart 4 horses

also referred disruption or being drawn , quartered , dismemberment brought chaining 4 horses condemned s arms , legs, making them pull him apart, case executions of françois ravaillac in 1610 , robert-françois damiens in 1757. ravaillac s extended torture , execution has been described this:

condemned tortured red-hot pincers on 4 limbs , on each breast. wounds sprinkled molten lead , boiling oil , body torn in pieces 4 horses, remains being subsequently burnt.

in case of damiens, condemned same fate ravaillac, execution did not quite work according plan, eyewitness giacomo casanova relate:

damiens agony went on hours each torture applied. when horses failed disconnect sinews between body , limbs, body, still alive, quartered knife. friend, infamous casanova, reports watched dreadful sight 4 hours. obliged turn away face , stop ears heard piercing shrieks, half body having been torn him

the execution of túpac amaru ii, dismembered 4 horses may 18, 1781.

as late in 1781, gruesome punishment meted out peruvian rebel leader túpac amaru ii spanish colonial authorities. following extract official judicial death sentence issued spanish authorities condemns túpac amaru ii torture , death. ordered in sentence túpac amaru ii condemned have tongue cut out, after watching executions of family, , have hands , feet tied...

...to 4 horses driven @ once toward 4 corners of plaza, pulling arms , legs body. torso taken hill overlooking city... burned in bonfire... tupac amaru s head sent tinta displayed 3 days in place of public execution , placed upon pike @ principal entrance city. 1 of arms sent tungasuca, cacique, , other arm capital province of carabaya, displayed in locations. legs sent livitica , santa rosas in provinces of chumbivilcas , lampa, respectively.

the fate of queen brunhilda

execution of brunhilda, engraving paul girardet after henri félix emmanuel philippoteaux

queen brunhilda of austrasia, executed in 613, regarded have suffered same death, though 1 account has tied tail of single horse , suffered more of dragging death. liber historiae francorum, eighth century chronicle, describes death dismemberment follows:

then king chlothar ordered lifted onto camel , led through entire army. tied feet of wild horses , torn apart limb limb. finally, died.

the story of brunhilda being tied tail of single horse (and die in gruesome manner) promoted, example, ted byfield (2003), in writes: tied tail of wild horse; whipped frenzy, kicked death cited source claim, however, seventh century life of st. columban monk jonas, not support claim. in paragraph 58 in work, jonas writes: ..but brunhilda had placed first on camel in mockery , exhibited enemies round bound tails of wild horses , perished wretchedly

the storyline of brunhilde being tied tail of single horse , being subsequently dragged death has become classical motif in artistic representations, can seen included image.

torn apart 4 ships

according olfert dapper, 17th-century dutchman meticulously collected reports faraway countries seamen , other travelers, frequent maritime death penalty among corsairs on barbary coast affix hands , feet chains on 4 different ships. when ships sailed off in different directions, chains grew taut, , man in between torn apart after while.

torn apart 2 trees

roman military discipline extremely severe, , emperor aurelian (r. 270-275 ce), had reputation extreme strictness, instituted rule soldiers seduced wives of hosts should have legs fastened 2 bent-down trees, released, ripping man in two. similarly, in unsuccessful rebellion against emperor valens in 366 ce, usurper procopius met same fate.

after defeat of darius iii alexander great, persian monarchy thrown turmoil, , darius killed. 1 man, bessus, claimed throne artaxerxes v, in 329 bce, alexander had him executed. manner of bessus death rather disputed, , waldemar heckel writes:

the exact details of bessus death disputed. may have been crucified, or torn apart recoiling trees, or (what likely) mutilated before being sent ecbatana execution.

the method of tying people bent down trees, allowed recoil, ripping individual pieces in process is, however, mentioned several travelers nineteenth century persia. british diplomat james justinian morier travelled special envoy shah in 1808, , morier writes following concerning prevailing criminal justice:

..for king never pardons theft, , orders convicted thief executed instantly. mode follows: 2 young trees main strength brought @ summits, , there fastened cords together. culprit brought out, , legs tied ropes, again carried and: fixed top of trees. cords force trees cut; and, in elasticity , power of spring, body of thief torn asunder, , left hang divided on each separate tree. inflexibility of king in point has given roads security, which, in former times, little known.

torn apart stones

an obscure christian martyr, severianus was, year 300 ce, martyred in following way, according 1 tale: 1 stone fastened head, bound feet. middle fastened rope top of wall, , stones released height. body ripped apart.

a christian martyr withstands being torn apart

during reign of roman emperor diocletian christian named shamuna was, allegedly, torn apart in following manner:

the governor ordered shamuna should made kneel down on 1 side , iron chain should fastened on knee. having been done, hung him head downwards foot had made him kneel; other pulled downwards heavy piece of iron, cannot described in words: endeavouring rend champion in two. means socket of hip-bone wrenched out of place , shamuna became lame.

some time thereafter, shamuna taken down hanging position, , beheaded instead.

homicide cases

there many instances of dismemberment in modern murder cases. serial killer jeffrey dahmer infamous dismemberment , consumption of victims (between 1978 , 1991). in 1991, omaima aree nelson murdered, dismembered, , cannibalized husband, william e. bill nelson. in 1995, cuban-born murderer juan carlos chavez decapitated , dismembered nine-year-old boy @ home. in 2007, convicted drug trafficker william trickett smith ii dismembered wife in peru dispose of body in suitcase.